1. Which of the following is NOT an application of biotechnology?
Answer:
Explanation:
While synthetic polymers have numerous applications, their production is not directly linked to biotechnology.
2. Bt cotton is genetically modified to:
Answer:
Explanation:
Bt cotton has been modified with a gene from the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis to produce a protein toxic to certain pests.
3. Golden rice is genetically modified to:
Answer:
Explanation:
Golden rice is engineered to produce beta-carotene, a precursor of vitamin A, to combat vitamin A deficiency.
4. Which technique is used for producing genetically identical animals?
Answer:
Explanation:
Cloning produces genetically identical organisms, typically by transferring the nucleus of a donor adult cell to an egg without a nucleus.
5. The first cloned animal was a:
Answer:
Explanation:
The first cloned mammal was Dolly the sheep, produced in 1996.
6. Transgenic animals are those:
Answer:
Explanation:
Transgenic animals have had foreign genes deliberately inserted into their genome.
7. Gene therapy aims to:
Answer:
Explanation:
Gene therapy seeks to treat genetic diseases by introducing, altering, or suppressing a gene.
8. Which of the following is a biopesticide?
Answer:
Explanation:
Neem extract, derived from the neem tree, acts as a natural insect repellent and pesticide.
9. RNA interference has been used in plants to:
Answer:
Explanation:
RNA interference (RNAi) silences specific genes and has been utilized to impart virus resistance in plants.
10. The primary reason for creating genetically modified organisms (GMOs) is to:
Answer:
Explanation:
GMOs are primarily created to introduce beneficial traits such as disease resistance, increased nutritional value, or improved yield.
11. Which organism is used to produce human insulin using recombinant DNA technology?
Answer:
Explanation:
The bacterium E. coli has been genetically modified to produce human insulin for therapeutic use.
12. Which enzyme is crucial for the amplification of a specific DNA sequence in PCR?
Answer:
Explanation:
Taq polymerase is a DNA polymerase enzyme used in PCR to amplify specific DNA sequences.
13. Cry genes, which are used to develop Bt crops, originate from which bacterium?
Answer:
Explanation:
Cry genes, sourced from Bacillus thuringiensis, encode for proteins toxic to certain insect pests.