1. Which process returns carbon from the atmosphere to the producers?
Answer:
Explanation:
During photosynthesis, plants absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and convert it into glucose.
2. What is the primary role of decomposers in an ecosystem?
Answer:
Explanation:
Decomposers break down dead organic material and waste, recycling nutrients back into the ecosystem.
3. Which ecosystem has the highest productivity?
Answer:
Explanation:
Tropical rainforests, with their diverse flora and high rainfall, have the highest primary productivity among the given options.
4. In a food chain, energy is transferred from:
Answer:
Explanation:
The basic flow of energy in a food chain is from producers (like plants) to consumers (like herbivores).
5. Which component of the ecosystem is considered biotic?
Answer:
Explanation:
Plants are living entities and are therefore considered a biotic component of the ecosystem.
6. Which of the following cycles does not have a gaseous phase?
Answer:
Explanation:
The phosphorus cycle primarily involves the soil and rocks, lacking a gaseous phase.
7. Orchid living on the tree is an example of …………..?
Answer:
Explanation:
Orchids living on trees are examples of commensalism. The orchid derives a benefit (a place to live), while the tree neither benefits nor is harmed.
8. Population of which of the following will be highest in the food chain?
Answer:
Explanation:
In a food chain, primary producers form the base and their population is typically the highest because they support all other trophic levels.
9. Who is the food component of the grazing food chain?
Answer:
Explanation:
In a grazing food chain, the food component is primarily composed of photosynthetic organisms (like plants) that produce their own food.
10. System resulting from the interaction of all known living factors and the population of all species of a unit area is…
Answer:
Explanation:
An ecosystem encompasses all living (biotic) and non-living (abiotic) factors in a specific area and their interactions.
11. In which of the following are plants included in any food chain?
Answer:
Explanation:
Plants serve as the primary producers in a food chain as they produce their own food through photosynthesis and form the base for the food chain.
12. Which of the following is the correct statement for the food chain?
Answer:
Explanation:
All the provided statements correctly describe aspects of the food chain and its dynamics in ecology.
13. Which of the following uses maximum energy?
Answer:
Explanation:
Primary producers, like plants, utilize sunlight to produce energy through photosynthesis, thus using the most energy.
14. Through which of the following does energy enter an ecosystem?
Answer:
Explanation:
Primary producers, like plants, capture sunlight and convert it into usable energy for the ecosystem.
15. Why is algae placed in the first place of the food chain?
Answer:
Explanation:
Algae, as primary producers, synthesize food through photosynthesis, placing them at the beginning of the food chain.
16. In which of the following are wheat-eating pigeons included?
Answer:
Explanation:
Pigeons that eat wheat are herbivores, making them primary consumers in the food chain.
17. Which of the following is placed at the uppermost (highest) level of ecological pyramids?
Answer:
Explanation:
In ecological pyramids, carnivores typically occupy the highest trophic levels as they feed on other consumers.
18. As we proceed in the food chain, biomass…
Answer:
Explanation:
As we move up the food chain, biomass generally decreases due to energy loss at each trophic level.
19. In an ecosystem, the source of energy is…
Answer:
Explanation:
The primary source of energy for an ecosystem is the Sun, which provides light energy that primary producers convert to chemical energy.
20. Who is the primary consumer of a biotic community?
Answer:
Explanation:
Primary consumers are herbivores that directly consume primary producers or plants.
21. In which of the following are weeds placed?
Answer:
Explanation:
Weeds are plants and thus are categorized as primary producers since they perform photosynthesis.
22. When does the energy flow start in an ecosystem?
Answer:
Explanation:
Energy flow in an ecosystem begins when primary producers convert sunlight (light energy) into chemical energy through photosynthesis.
23. Which of the following options is correct for the storage place of phosphorus and nitrogen respectively?
Answer:
Explanation:
Phosphorus is mainly stored in parental rocks and is released upon weathering, while nitrogen is primarily found in the environment, particularly the atmosphere.
24. Which of the following is the trophic level of the orchid staying on a mango tree?
Answer:
Explanation:
The orchid on a mango tree is an example of commensalism. The orchid is an epiphyte and directly uses sunlight for photosynthesis, placing it at the second trophic level.
25. Which age group in the pyramid indicates less reproductive potential?
Answer:
Explanation:
A bell-shaped age pyramid indicates a stable population with fewer young individuals, suggesting a reduced reproductive potential.
26. It is correct for the ecosystem…….
Answer:
Explanation:
An ecosystem consists of all living organisms (biotic) and their physical environment (abiotic) interacting within a particular area.
27. What is the original source of energy for living organisms?
Answer:
Explanation:
The sun is the primary source of energy, driving photosynthesis in primary producers which forms the basis for energy in all trophic levels.
28. Which of the following is a gaseous cycle?
Answer:
Explanation:
The carbon cycle is a gaseous cycle as it involves the exchange of carbon between the atmosphere and living organisms.
29. At Each trophic level, in which form is energy lost?
Answer:
Explanation:
Energy is primarily lost as heat at each trophic level due to the inefficiencies in energy transfers.
30. Which source of eutrophication is the modern source of phosphorus?
Answer:
Explanation:
Modern detergents often contain phosphates, which when released into water bodies can lead to eutrophication.
31. It helps in the absorption of phosphorous?
Answer:
Explanation:
Mycorrhizal fungi form symbiotic relationships with plant roots, aiding in the absorption of phosphorus from the soil.
32. In a day, how many times does an individual inspire and expire (breathe)?
Answer:
Explanation:
On average, an individual breathes about 12-20 times per minute, which amounts to around 17,000-28,000 breaths per day, approximating to 20,000 for this question.
33. What percentage of total metabolic energy is produced through the fermentation of lactic acid?
Answer:
Explanation:
Fermentation of lactic acid is a less efficient process compared to aerobic respiration, producing only a fraction of the total possible energy.
34. Which adaptation is observed only in xerophytes?
Answer:
Explanation:
CAM (Crassulacean Acid Metabolism) is an adaptation seen in many xerophytic plants allowing them to fix CO2 at night, minimizing water loss during hot days.
35. What type of pyramid can be inverted in aquatic ecosystems?
Answer:
Explanation:
In some aquatic ecosystems, producers (like phytoplankton) have less biomass than consumers (like zooplankton), leading to an inverted pyramid of biomass.
36. Which of the following ecosystems covers the smallest part of the Earth’s surface?
Answer:
Explanation:
Freshwater ecosystems, including lakes, rivers, and ponds, cover a smaller portion of Earth’s surface compared to marine and terrestrial ecosystems.
37. Which zone in a pond or lake is the open water area where sunlight does not penetrate all the way to the bottom?
Answer:
Explanation:
The limnetic zone is the open water area where light does penetrate but not to the bottom. It’s where most of the photosynthesis occurs.
38. Which biome is characterized by a vast expanse of grass with few trees?
Answer:
Explanation:
Savannas are grasslands interspersed with occasional trees, mainly found in parts of Africa, South America, and India.
39. What is the process by which atmospheric nitrogen is converted into a usable form for plants?
Answer:
Explanation:
Nitrogen fixation involves the conversion of atmospheric nitrogen into a form (like ammonia) that plants can use.
40. Which of the following is a tertiary consumer?
Answer:
Explanation:
In a typical food chain, a snake would eat a frog (secondary consumer), which ate a grasshopper (primary consumer), which ate grass (producer).
41. Which ecosystem has the least variation in annual temperature?
Answer:
Explanation:
Tropical rainforests, located near the equator, have a consistent temperature throughout the year.
42. In an ecosystem, which component is responsible for the recycling of nutrients?
Answer:
Explanation:
Decomposers break down dead organic material, thus ensuring nutrients are returned to the soil to be used again by producers.