1. Which among the following is a primary cause of loss of biodiversity?
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Explanation:
Destruction of habitats results in loss of many species and is a primary reason for biodiversity loss.
2. The region with the highest number of species in the world is
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The Amazon rainforest is often referred to as the “lungs of the Earth” and houses the highest number of species on the planet.
3. Which country is known as the ‘megadiversity country’ due to its vast biodiversity?
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Brazil, due to its expansive Amazon rainforest and various other ecosystems, is termed as a ‘megadiversity country’.
4. An advantage of conserving biodiversity is that it
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Many medicines are derived from plant and animal sources, and conserving biodiversity ensures that we do not lose potential future drugs.
5. Which of the following best defines genetic biodiversity?
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Genetic biodiversity refers to the diversity or variability of genes within a particular species.
6. The Red Data Book provides information on
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The Red Data Book or Red List provides data on species that are endangered or threatened.
7. The concept of biodiversity hotspots was given by
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The term “biodiversity hotspot” was first given by Norman Myers to identify regions rich in biodiversity and under threat.
8. Which biome has the highest biodiversity?
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Tropical rainforests are incredibly diverse in terms of the number of species they contain.
9. Loss of biodiversity in a region can lead to
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Ecosystem services, like water purification, nutrient cycling, and pollination, can be disrupted with the loss of biodiversity.
10. How many bio-geographical regions are present in India?
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India is traditionally divided into ten distinct biogeographical regions.
11. Lime is added to the soil which is too ________.
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Lime is added to soil to neutralize its acidity and raise its pH level.
12. Which one of the following has maximum genetic diversity in India?
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India is the center of origin for mango, and it exhibits a wide range of genetic diversity in terms of varieties and cultivars.
13. Which one of the following areas in India, is a hotspot of biodiversity?
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The Western Ghats is one of the recognized biodiversity hotspots in the world due to its high levels of species richness and endemism.
14. Darwin’s finches are a good example of ________.
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Darwin’s finches are a prime example of adaptive radiation, where different species have evolved from a single ancestral species due to adaptations to different ecological niches.
15. Which one of the following is an example of ex-situ conservation?
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Ex-situ conservation involves protecting species outside their natural habitats, and seed banks are establishments where seeds are stored to preserve genetic diversity.
16. Which one of the following is not observed in biodiversity hotspots?
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Biodiversity hotspots are characterized by high species richness, high levels of endemism, and significant threats from human activities, leading to accelerated species loss. They do not necessarily have lesser inter-specific competition.
17. The term Alpha diversity refers to
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Alpha diversity refers to the diversity within a particular area or ecosystem, and is often equated with species diversity.
18. The percentage of forest cover recommended by the National Forest policy (1988) is
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The National Forest Policy (1988) recommends that the forest cover should be maintained to the extent of 33% in the plains and 67% in the hilly regions.
19. Select the correct statement about biodiversity
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The Western Ghats are recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site and are known for their high levels of species richness and endemism.
20. Biodiversity of a geographical region represents
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Biodiversity of a geographical region encompasses the variety of organisms living in that area, which includes genetic diversity, species diversity, and ecosystem diversity.
21. Global warming can be controlled by [NEET 2013]
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Reducing deforestation and decreasing the use of fossil fuels are key strategies to mitigate global warming as they help in reducing the amount of greenhouse gases released into the atmosphere.
22. Which one of the following is not used for ex situ plant conservation? [NEET 2013]
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Explanation:
Shifting cultivation, also known as slash-and-burn agriculture, is a traditional method of farming where an area of land is cleared and cultivated for a few years until its productivity declines. It is not a method used for ex situ plant conservation.
23. Prolonged liberal irrigation of agricultural fields is likely to create the problem of
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Excessive irrigation can lead to waterlogging and the rise of saline water to the surface, resulting in increased soil salinity.
24. The greatest problem of water conservation is to reduce the amount of
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Reducing runoff is crucial to conserve water as it prevents the loss of water from the surface to other areas and allows for better groundwater recharge.
25. Maximum nutritional diversity is found in the group:
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The group Monera, which includes bacteria, shows the maximum nutritional diversity, ranging from photosynthetic to chemoautotrophic modes of nutrition.
26. Which one of the following areas in India, is a hotspot of biodiversity?
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Explanation:
The Western Ghats is recognized as one of the biodiversity hotspots in the world due to its high levels of species richness and endemism.
27. Which one of the following is not included under in situ conservation?
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Explanation:
Zoological gardens, where animals are kept in artificial environments, are examples of ex situ conservation, whereas in situ conservation involves protecting species in their natural habitats.
28. An inexhaustible non-conventional universal source of energy is
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Solar energy is considered inexhaustible on a human timescale and is available universally, making it a prominent non-conventional energy source.
29. Which one of the following expanded forms of the followings acronyms is correct?
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Explanation:
IUCN stands for the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources, which is an organization that works for the conservation of biodiversity globally.