Chemical bonding forms the cornerstone of our understanding of the molecular world. The way in which atoms connect to form molecules and the manner in which these molecules interact with each other are vital concepts for NEET aspirants. Not only does this topic offer fascinating insights into the world of molecules, but mastering it also significantly elevates your chances of acing the chemistry section in NEET. Let’s delve into a series of MCQs designed to test your grasp on the topic of Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure.
1. Which of the following bonds is formed by the mutual sharing of electrons?
Answer:
Explanation:
Covalent bonds are formed when atoms share electrons.
2. Which molecule has a triple bond?
Answer:
Explanation:
Nitrogen molecules (N2) have a triple covalent bond between them.
3. What type of bond is formed between Na and Cl in NaCl?
Answer:
Explanation:
Sodium loses an electron to chlorine, forming an ionic bond.
4. The shape of the CH4 molecule is:
Answer:
Explanation:
Methane (CH4) has a tetrahedral shape due to four equivalent C-H bonds.
5. Which molecule has a bent shape?
Answer:
Explanation:
Water has a bent or V-shaped geometry due to two bond pairs and two lone pairs.
6. The bond angle in ammonia (NH3) is:
Answer:
Explanation:
Due to one lone pair and three bond pairs, the bond angle is slightly less than the tetrahedral angle.
7. Which of the following is NOT a property of ionic compounds?
Answer:
Explanation:
Ionic compounds do not conduct electricity in the solid state but do so in the molten state.
8. The bond order of O2 is:
Answer:
Explanation:
The bond order represents the number of chemical bonds between a pair of atoms. In O2, it is 2.
9. Which type of bond is present in diamond?
Answer:
Explanation:
Diamond has a giant covalent structure made up of single covalent bonds.
10. The hybridization of carbon in ethyne (C2H2) is:
Answer:
Explanation:
Ethyne has a triple bond and the hybridization of carbon in it is sp.
11. Resonance structures are typically observed in:
Answer:
Explanation:
Resonance is a concept where more than one Lewis structure can be drawn for a molecule without changing the positions of the atoms.
12. Which of the following is a coordinate covalent bond?
Answer:
Explanation:
In the hydronium ion (H3O+), one of the O-H bonds is a coordinate bond where oxygen donates both electrons.
13. Which molecule is linear?
Answer:
Explanation:
CO2 has a linear shape due to the arrangement of two double bonds on opposite sides of the carbon atom.
14. Which molecule is nonpolar?
Answer:
Explanation:
Methane is nonpolar because it has a symmetrical tetrahedral shape, making the dipoles cancel out.
15. Which element forms a diatomic molecule?
Answer:
Explanation:
Chlorine exists as a diatomic molecule, Cl2, in its natural state.
16. The strength of a sigma (σ) bond as compared to a pi (π) bond is:
Answer:
Explanation:
Sigma bonds are stronger than pi bonds because they have a greater degree of overlap of atomic orbitals.
17. Which of the following does not exhibit resonance?
Answer:
Explanation:
CO2 has a linear structure with no alternative valid Lewis structures.
18. The concept that explains the partial positive and partial negative charges in a molecule is called:
Answer:
Explanation:
The dipole moment is a measure of the separation of positive and negative charges in a molecule.
19. Which of the following elements can expand its octet?
Answer:
Explanation:
Third period elements like sulfur can expand their octet due to the availability of d orbitals.
20. The type of hybridization in PCl5 is:
Answer:
Explanation:
PCl5 has a trigonal bipyramidal structure, which requires sp3d hybridization.