Class 11 Biology MCQ – Excretory Products and their Elimination

1. Which of the following is the primary excretory organ in humans?

a) Liver
b) Lungs
c) Kidneys
d) Skin

Answer:

c) Kidneys

Explanation:

Kidneys are the primary excretory organs in humans responsible for filtering and eliminating waste products.

2. Urea is produced in the:

a) Kidneys
b) Liver
c) Lungs
d) Heart

Answer:

b) Liver

Explanation:

Urea is produced in the liver from the breakdown of amino acids.

3. The functional unit of the kidney is called:

a) Alveolus
b) Nephron
c) Neuron
d) Follicle

Answer:

b) Nephron

Explanation:

Nephrons are the functional units of kidneys responsible for filtering blood and forming urine.

4. Which of the following is NOT a method of excretion in plants?

a) Guttation
b) Respiration
c) Transpiration
d) Photosynthesis

Answer:

d) Photosynthesis

Explanation:

Photosynthesis is a process of producing food, not excretion. Guttation, respiration, and transpiration are methods plants use to excrete waste.

5. Which part of the nephron is involved in the selective reabsorption of filtered substances?

a) Bowman's capsule
b) Proximal convoluted tubule
c) Loop of Henle
d) Distal convoluted tubule

Answer:

b) Proximal convoluted tubule

Explanation:

The proximal convoluted tubule is responsible for the reabsorption of vital substances from the filtrate.

6. The removal of metabolic wastes from the body is termed:

a) Digestion
b) Respiration
c) Excretion
d) Secretion

Answer:

c) Excretion

Explanation:

Excretion refers to the removal of metabolic wastes from the body.

7. Uric acid is the chief nitrogenous waste of:

a) Fish
b) Humans
c) Birds
d) Amphibians

Answer:

c) Birds

Explanation:

Birds excrete uric acid as their primary nitrogenous waste, which conserves water.

8. Which blood vessel brings impure blood to the kidneys?

a) Renal artery
b) Hepatic artery
c) Renal vein
d) Pulmonary artery

Answer:

a) Renal artery

Explanation:

The renal artery carries impure blood to the kidneys for filtration.

9. In which part of the kidney is urine collected before it enters the ureters?

a) Renal pyramid
b) Renal capsule
c) Renal pelvis
d) Renal cortex

Answer:

c) Renal pelvis

Explanation:

The renal pelvis collects urine from the renal pyramids before it enters the ureters.

10. Excessive sweating can lead to a decrease in the body's level of:

a) Urea
b) Glucose
c) Salt
d) Oxygen

Answer:

c) Salt

Explanation:

Sweating leads to a loss of salt and water from the body.

11. Which of the following helps in osmoregulation?

a) Lungs
b) Kidneys
c) Liver
d) Heart

Answer:

b) Kidneys

Explanation:

Kidneys play a vital role in osmoregulation, maintaining the body's internal salt and water balance.

12. Which of the following animals excrete ammonia?

a) Humans
b) Birds
c) Reptiles
d) Aquatic animals

Answer:

d) Aquatic animals

Explanation:

Many aquatic animals, like fish, excrete ammonia, which is highly soluble in water.

13. Dialysis is a method used to assist in kidney function for patients with:

a) Lung disease
b) Heart disease
c) Renal failure
d) Liver disease

Answer:

c) Renal failure

Explanation:

Dialysis is a treatment used to mimic kidney function in patients with renal (kidney) failure.

14. The yellowish color of urine is due to a pigment called:

a) Bilirubin
b) Melanin
c) Urochrome
d) Hemoglobin

Answer:

c) Urochrome

Explanation:

Urochrome is the pigment responsible for giving urine its characteristic yellow color.

15. The urine of a diabetic patient may contain:

a) Protein
b) Glucose
c) Urea
d) Vitamins

Answer:

b) Glucose

Explanation:

Diabetic patients may have glucose in their urine due to their body's inability to regulate blood sugar levels effectively.

16. Which of the following is NOT a function of the kidney?

a) Excretion of wastes
b) Production of hormones
c) Digestion of food
d) Regulation of blood pressure

Answer:

c) Digestion of food

Explanation:

Kidneys do not play a role in the digestion of food.

17. The majority of water reabsorption in the nephron occurs in the:

a) Bowman's capsule
b) Proximal convoluted tubule
c) Loop of Henle
d) Distal convoluted tubule

Answer:

b) Proximal convoluted tubule

Explanation:

The proximal convoluted tubule is where most of the water reabsorption occurs.

18. Malpighian tubules are excretory organs in:

a) Mammals
b) Birds
c) Insects
d) Fish

Answer:

c) Insects

Explanation:

Malpighian tubules are excretory organs found in insects.

19. Which of the following processes in the nephron is an active process requiring energy?

a) Filtration
b) Reabsorption
c) Secretion
d) Diffusion

Answer:

b) Reabsorption

Explanation:

Reabsorption in the nephron is an active process that requires energy to transport substances against their concentration gradients.

20. The hormone that increases the reabsorption of water in the collecting ducts of the nephron is:

a) Adrenaline
b) Insulin
c) Aldosterone
d) Vasopressin (ADH)

Answer:

d) Vasopressin (ADH)

Explanation:

Vasopressin or Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) acts on the collecting ducts, leading to the reabsorption of water and concentration of urine.

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