1. Which of the following is a primary pollutant?
Answer:
Explanation:
Primary pollutants are those emitted directly from identifiable sources. Nitrogen dioxide is released directly into the atmosphere from various sources.
2. Which layer of the atmosphere is primarily responsible for the greenhouse effect?
Answer:
Explanation:
The greenhouse effect mainly occurs in the troposphere due to the presence of greenhouse gases.
3. The process by which harmful substances enter the food chain and get concentrated at each level is called:
Answer:
Explanation:
Biomagnification refers to the increasing concentration of toxic substances in organisms at each successive level of the food chain.
4. Which gas is responsible for the Bhopal gas tragedy?
Answer:
Explanation:
The Bhopal gas tragedy occurred due to the leakage of methyl isocyanate.
5. The phenomenon of the earth's temperature increasing due to certain atmospheric gases is termed as:
Answer:
Explanation:
The greenhouse effect is caused by certain gases trapping infrared radiation, leading to an increase in the earth's temperature.
6. Which of the following is a non-biodegradable pollutant?
Answer:
Explanation:
DDT is a synthetic chemical compound and does not easily break down in the environment, making it non-biodegradable.
7. Acid rain is primarily caused by the atmospheric presence of:
Answer:
Explanation:
Acid rain results from the combination of sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxides with atmospheric moisture, forming acids.
8. Which of the following causes ozone layer depletion?
Answer:
Explanation:
CFCs are known to cause ozone layer depletion when they release chlorine atoms upon ultraviolet radiation.
9. Which heavy metal is known to contaminate water due to industrial discharges and leads to Minamata disease?
Answer:
Explanation:
Minamata disease is caused by mercury poisoning.
10. Smog formed by the combination of smoke and fog in cold humid conditions is termed as:
Answer:
Explanation:
Industrial smog typically occurs in cold humid conditions and is a mix of fog and smoke.
11. Which gas primarily contributes to the foul smell of rotten eggs?
Answer:
Explanation:
Rotten eggs release hydrogen sulfide gas, which has a characteristic foul smell.
12. Which of the following is a secondary pollutant?
Answer:
Explanation:
Secondary pollutants are not directly emitted but form in the atmosphere through chemical reactions. Ozone is formed from primary pollutants in the presence of sunlight.
13. Eutrophication in water bodies is primarily caused by the excessive presence of:
Answer:
Explanation:
Excessive nutrients, especially nitrogen and phosphorus, lead to eutrophication in water bodies.
14. The major component of biogas is:
Answer:
Explanation:
Biogas primarily consists of methane, which is its main combustible component.
15. Which of the following is not considered a greenhouse gas?
Answer:
Explanation:
Nitrogen is not a significant greenhouse gas, unlike the other options listed.
16. The term 'BOD' related to water pollution stands for:
Answer:
Explanation:
BOD indicates the amount of oxygen required by bacteria to decompose organic matter in water.
17. The harmful ultraviolet rays from the sun are absorbed by:
Answer:
Explanation:
The ozone layer in the stratosphere absorbs and prevents most of the sun's ultraviolet radiation from reaching the Earth.
18. The main cause of the greenhouse effect is the high concentration of ________ in the atmosphere.
Answer:
Explanation:
Carbon dioxide is one of the major contributors to the greenhouse effect due to its high concentration and ability to trap infrared radiation.
19. Lead pollution primarily affects which part of the human body?
Answer:
Explanation:
Lead primarily affects the nervous system, including the brain.
20. CNG used as a fuel in automobiles stands for:
Answer:
Explanation:
CNG is an eco-friendly alternative to gasoline and diesel, and it stands for Compressed Natural Gas.