1. Which of the following is NOT a true solution?
Answer:
Explanation:
Sand in water forms a heterogeneous mixture and not a true solution.
2. The solubility of a substance in a solvent is dependent on:
Answer:
Explanation:
Solubility is affected by temperature, pressure, and the nature of the solute and solvent.
3. What is the unit of molality?
Answer:
Explanation:
Molality is defined as moles of solute per kilogram of solvent.
4. Which of the following is a colligative property?
Answer:
Explanation:
Colligative properties depend on the number of solute particles in solution. Osmotic pressure is one such property.
5. The vapor pressure of a solution is ___________ than the vapor pressure of a pure solvent.
Answer:
Explanation:
The addition of a non-volatile solute lowers the vapor pressure of a solvent.
6. Which law states that the partial pressure of a gas in a mixture is proportional to its mole fraction?
Answer:
Explanation:
Raoult's law relates the partial pressure of a gas to its mole fraction in a mixture.
7. Which of the following solutions will freeze at the lowest temperature?
Answer:
Explanation:
BaCl2 produces three ions upon dissociation, leading to the highest decrease in freezing point.
8. What is the molarity of a solution containing 5 moles of solute in 2 liters of solution?
Answer:
Explanation:
Molarity = moles of solute/volume of solution in liters = 5/2 = 2.5 M.
9. Which solution will have the highest boiling point?
Answer:
Explanation:
Na2SO4 gives three ions upon dissociation, leading to the highest increase in boiling point.
10. What is the role of an antisolvent in crystallization?
Answer:
Explanation:
An antisolvent is added to reduce the solubility of the solute, leading to its crystallization.
11. What is the term for the amount of solute required to form a saturated solution in a given amount of solvent at a specific temperature?
Answer:
Explanation:
Solubility defines the maximum amount of solute that can dissolve in a solvent at a given temperature.
12. A 2M solution means:
Answer:
Explanation:
2M indicates 2 moles of solute per liter of solution and is twice as concentrated as a 1M solution.
13. The depression in freezing point is directly proportional to:
Answer:
Explanation:
Depression in freezing point is a colligative property and is directly proportional to the molality of the solute.
14. Which of the following will NOT increase the rate of solvation?
Answer:
Explanation:
Smaller solute particles have a larger surface area, which increases the rate of solvation.
15. In a solution, the component present in a smaller amount is called:
Answer:
Explanation:
The solute is the component in the minor quantity in a solution.
16. What does a positive deviation from Raoult's law indicate?
Answer:
Explanation:
Positive deviation occurs when solute-solvent interactions are weaker, leading to a higher vapor pressure than expected.
17. When the solute-solvent interaction is similar to the solute-solute and solvent-solvent interactions, the solution will:
Answer:
Explanation:
When all interactions are similar, the solution follows Raoult's law without deviations.
18. The abnormal molar masses of solutes in colligative properties are observed due to:
Answer:
Explanation:
Abnormal molar masses arise due to either the association or dissociation of solute molecules in solution.
19. Van't Hoff factor (i) for a substance that doesn't dissociate or associate in solution is:
Answer:
Explanation:
If a substance doesn't dissociate or associate, it means it remains as a single entity in solution. Hence, the Van't Hoff factor is 1.
20. Which of the following solutions will have the maximum osmotic pressure at a given temperature?
Answer:
Explanation:
K2SO4 gives three ions upon dissociation, leading to the highest osmotic pressure among the options given.