Welcome to the Biological Classification NEET MCQ blog post, designed for students gearing up for the NEET exam.
Biological Classification is a scientific system used to organize and categorize all life on Earth based on their similarities and differences. This crucial branch of biology covers the hierarchy of classification, from kingdoms to species, and dives into the characteristics that define various groups, including bacteria, fungi, plants, animals, and more. It lays the groundwork for understanding the diversity of life and evolutionary relationships.
By tackling these multiple-choice questions, you’ll not only sharpen your preparation for the NEET exam but also enhance your comprehension of the living world’s complexity. Whether you’re a student focused on acing your exams or a biology enthusiast keen on exploring the richness of life, this quiz promises to be an insightful exploration. Let’s delve into the fascinating realm of biological classification together!
1. Fungi which grow in dung are termed as
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Explanation:
Fungi that grow or thrive in dung are referred to as “caprophilous”. These fungi typically use the nutrients present in animal feces to grow and reproduce. The spores of these fungi get dispersed when animals consume vegetation containing attached spores, which then pass through the digestive system and get deposited in the dung. The term “caprophilous” is derived from the Greek words “kápros” (meaning “dung”) and “philos” (meaning “loving”).
2. All fungi are
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Explanation:
Fungi are heterotrophic organisms, which means they cannot synthesize their own food and rely on other organic substances for nutrition. They can be saprotrophs (feeding on dead organic matter), parasites (deriving nutrients from a living host), or mutualists (living in association with another organism where both benefit). However, not all fungi are saprotrophs or parasites, but all of them are heterotrophic in nature.
3. Which of the following is included in five kingdom classification?
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Explanation:
The five-kingdom classification proposed by R.H. Whittaker includes Monera, Protista, Fungi, Animalia, and Plantae. This classification is based on levels of cellular organization, modes of nutrition, and reproduction.
4. Who is the father of Taxonomy among the following?
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Explanation:
Carl Linnaeus, also known as Carl von Linné, is often referred to as the “Father of Taxonomy” because of his work in classifying and naming organisms. He developed the binomial nomenclature system, which is still in use today for the scientific naming of species.
5. Halophiles is also called _____.
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Halophiles are a type of extremophile organisms that thrive in high salt concentrations. They are a subset of the Archaebacteria domain, specifically adapted to environments like salt flats or salt mines.
6. By how many criteria, living organisms have been classified into five kingdoms?
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Explanation:
The Five Kingdom Classification proposed by R.H. Whittaker is based on four major criteria: complexity of cell structure (prokaryotic or eukaryotic), complexity of body organization (unicellular or multicellular), mode of nutrition (autotrophic or heterotrophic), and reproduction (asexual or sexual).
7. Prokaryotes are included in the kingdom _____.
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The Kingdom Monera includes all prokaryotes, which are organisms that lack a well-defined nucleus and membrane-bound organelles. This kingdom primarily consists of bacteria and cyanobacteria (blue-green algae).
8. Viroids were discovered by _____
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Explanation:
Viroids were discovered by T.O. Diener in 1971. They are the smallest infectious pathogens known, consisting solely of a short strand of circular RNA without a protein coat. They primarily infect plants and can cause various diseases.
9. The name virus was given by _____.
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The term “virus” was introduced by the famous French microbiologist Louis Pasteur. He used the term to describe a submicroscopic agent causing infectious diseases. However, it was Dmitry Ivanovsky who first identified viruses as filterable agents causing diseases in plants.
10. Virus have ______.
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Viruses possess either DNA or RNA as their genetic material, but not both. This nucleic acid core is surrounded by a protein coat called a capsid. Some viruses also have an additional lipid envelope derived from the host cell membrane. The envelope may contain viral glycoproteins essential for binding to host cells.
11. A virus contains
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Explanation:
Viruses possess either DNA or RNA as their genetic material, but not both simultaneously. Depending on the type of virus, it can have a DNA genome or an RNA genome.
12. The main structural component of virus is _____.
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Viruses are composed of a nucleic acid core, either DNA or RNA, which is surrounded by a protein coat known as a capsid. Some viruses also have an outer lipid envelope. Thus, the main structural components of viruses are both nucleic acid and protein.
13. The study of fungi is ______.
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Explanation:
Mycology is the branch of biology concerned with the study of fungi, including their genetic and biochemical properties, their taxonomy, and their use to humans as a source for tinder, medicine, food, and entheogens, as well as their dangers, such as toxicity or infection.
14. Fungus cell wall is made up of _____.
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The cell walls of fungi are composed primarily of chitin, which is a strong, flexible, and durable material. This differentiates them from plants, which have cell walls made up of cellulose.
15. Study of lichens is called ______.
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Lichenology is the branch of mycology that studies the lichens, symbiotic organisms made up of an intimate symbiotic association of a microscopic alga (or cyanobacterium) with a filamentous fungus.
16. The plant cell without chloroplast is ______.
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Fungi are heterotrophic organisms that do not contain chloroplasts and do not perform photosynthesis. They obtain their nutrients by absorbing organic matter, often decaying, from their surroundings.
17. Plant of this group possess naked seed
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Gymnosperms are seed-producing plants in which the seeds are not enclosed within an ovary or fruit. Instead, they are exposed on the surface of cone scales or other structures. Hence, they are referred to as “naked-seeded” plants.
18. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Archaebacteria?
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Archaebacteria do not have peptidoglycan in their cell walls, unlike the true bacteria.
19. The primary photosynthetic pigments in cyanobacteria are:
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Cyanobacteria contain chlorophyll a as their primary photosynthetic pigment.
20. Which protists primarily function as decomposers?
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Explanation:
Slime molds are saprophytic and act as decomposers in the ecosystem.
21. The powdery mildews and rusts belong to which group of fungi?
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Powdery mildews and rusts are members of the Ascomycota group.
22. Which among the following has flagellated male gametes?
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Ferns, among the given options, have flagellated male gametes.
23. A dinoflagellate known for causing “Red Tides” is:
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Noctiluca is a dinoflagellate responsible for causing red tides.
24. Which group of fungi produce spores known as conidia?
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The fungi in Deuteromycota produce asexual spores called conidia.
25. Which protist causes malaria?
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Malaria is caused by the protozoan parasite Plasmodium.
26. The “seaweed” that is a rich source of iodine belongs to:
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Explanation:
Red algae like Porphyra are a rich source of iodine.
27. Mycorrhiza is a mutualistic association between fungi and:
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Explanation:
Mycorrhiza is a beneficial association between fungi and the roots of higher plants.
28. A lichen represents a symbiotic relationship between a fungus and:
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Explanation:
Lichen is a symbiotic association between a fungus and an alga.
29. Which group of organisms includes saprophytes?
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Explanation:
Fungi include saprophytes that feed on dead and decaying organic matter.
30. The five kingdom classification was proposed by:
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Explanation:
R.H. Whittaker proposed the five kingdom classification in 1969.
31. Viruses are considered living only when they:
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Explanation:
Viruses are considered living entities only when they are inside a host cell and can perform life functions.