Welcome to the Anatomy of Flowering Plants NEET MCQ blog post, designed for aspiring medical students and plant science enthusiasts. This comprehensive quiz will delve into the fascinating world of plant anatomy, essential for NEET preparation.
The focus of this quiz is the intricate structure of flowering plants, exploring everything from tissue types and root systems to leaf arrangements and reproductive organs. Topics include the functional roles of different plant tissues, mechanisms of growth and development, and specialized structures for adaptation and survival. Mastery of these concepts is crucial for understanding the complexities of plant biology and ecology.
By engaging with these multiple-choice questions, you’ll not only reinforce your knowledge for the NEET exam but also gain a deeper appreciation for the botanical world. Whether you’re reviewing for the NEET or simply passionate about plant science, this quiz offers a valuable opportunity to explore the anatomy of flowering plants in detail. Let’s nurture our understanding of these vital organisms and their role in our ecosystem!
1. Which tissue provides flexibility in plants?
Answer:
Explanation:
Collenchyma cells are elongated cells with thickened corners, providing mechanical support and flexibility to the plant parts.
2. In dicot roots, xylem and phloem are arranged in:
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Explanation:
In dicot roots, the xylem and phloem are organized radially, with xylem forming the inner part and phloem the outer part.
3. Cork cells are a result of:
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Explanation:
Cork cells are derived from the cork cambium (phellogen), which is a type of lateral meristem.
4. Which type of cell division is primarily responsible for root lengthening?
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Explanation:
Anticlinal cell division in the root meristem leads to the elongation or lengthening of roots.
5. In a dicot stem, the vascular bundles are arranged in:
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Explanation:
In dicot stems, vascular bundles are typically organized in a circular ring pattern.
6. Which of the following is a simple tissue?
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Explanation:
Parenchyma is a simple tissue, whereas xylem and phloem are complex tissues, and a vascular bundle is an arrangement of these complex tissues.
7. Companion cells are associated with:
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Explanation:
Companion cells are specialized parenchyma cells found in phloem and are closely associated with sieve tube elements.
8. Lenticels are involved in:
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Explanation:
Lenticels are small openings present in the bark of woody stems and roots that facilitate the exchange of gases between the internal tissues and the external atmosphere.
9. The innermost layer of the cortex in roots specialized for water absorption is:
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Explanation:
The endodermis is the innermost layer of the cortex, which plays a crucial role in regulating the transport of water and minerals into the vascular cylinder.
10. Which cells in the xylem tissue are dead and lignified?
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Explanation:
In the xylem tissue, tracheids and vessels are the elements that are dead at maturity and have lignified walls, aiding in the transport of water and minerals.
11. The main function of stomata is:
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Explanation:
Stomata are tiny openings primarily involved in the exchange of gases (like O2 and CO2) and the process of transpiration.
12. Secondary growth in dicot stems is initiated by:
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Explanation:
The secondary growth in dicot stems is initiated by the activity of the vascular cambium (forming secondary xylem and phloem) and cork cambium (forming the periderm).
13. Which of the following is NOT a function of the epidermis?
Answer:
Explanation:
The epidermis primarily acts as a protective layer, prevents water loss, and can aid in gaseous exchange. However, it doesn’t conduct water and minerals – this function is performed by vascular tissues.
14. In roots, hairs that increase the surface area for absorption are found in:
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Explanation:
Root hairs, which aid in the absorption of water and minerals, are thin outgrowths of the epidermal cells of the roots.
15. Root branches arise from:
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Explanation:
In most dicotyledonous plants, lateral roots emerge from the pericycle, a layer of cells found just inside the endodermis.
16. Root cap is formed by…
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Explanation:
The root cap is formed by the division of cells from the calyptrogen, which is a meristematic tissue. The root cap protects the root tip as it penetrates through the soil.
17. Wood is the common name of:
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Explanation:
Wood primarily consists of secondary xylem that accumulates as a result of the activity of the vascular cambium. It provides support to the plant and is also responsible for the conduction of water and nutrients.
18. The healing of wounds in plants takes place by the activity of:
Answer:
Explanation:
The healing of wounds in plants, especially those in stems and roots, is largely due to the activity of the lateral meristem. It can produce cells that replace the damaged tissue and cover the wound, often resulting in the formation of a wound cork.
19. Which is the living mechanical tissue?
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Explanation:
Collenchyma is a type of living mechanical tissue in plants that provides support and flexibility. Its cells have unevenly thickened walls, especially at their corners, allowing the tissue to stretch and flex.
20. Vascular tissue in flowering plants develops from:
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Explanation:
In plants, the primary meristem that gives rise to the vascular tissues (xylem and phloem) is termed the plerome. It differentiates into the central tissues of the stem or root, which includes the vascular tissue.
21. Stele is made up of –
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Explanation:
The stele consists of the pericycle, vascular bundles, and pith in a plant.
22. Which of the following is the correct statement?
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Explanation:
In monocot roots, the pith is generally larger, while in dicot roots, it’s smaller or sometimes even absent.
23. Which of the following is collectively known as periderm?
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Explanation:
The periderm is a composite tissue that comprises the phellogen (cork cambium), phellem (cork), and phelloderm.
24. Wood is the common name of:
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Explanation:
Wood primarily consists of secondary xylem.
25. As a tree grows older, which increases rapidly in thickness:
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Explanation:
As a tree matures, the sapwood (or the outer layer of wood which is functional in water transport) tends to increase in thickness.
26. In old tissues, gaseous exchange takes place through:
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Explanation:
Lenticels are specialized structures in the bark of trees that allow for gaseous exchange in older tissues.
27. Cork cambium in a dicot root is derived from:
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Explanation:
In dicot roots, the cork cambium or phellogen often originates from the pericycle.
28. In hollow-hearted plant:
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Explanation:
Hollow-heartedness typically impacts the shoot more adversely than the roots.
29. Quinine, important in the treatment of malaria, is extracted from:
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Explanation:
Quinine is a medicinal compound that is extracted from the bark of the cinchona tree, known for its anti-malarial properties.
30. Interfascicular cambium is situated:
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Explanation:
The interfascicular cambium develops from the parenchyma cells located between the vascular bundles.
31. The cork is an excellent material for making bottle stoppers since it is:
Answer:
Explanation:
Cork’s cellular structure makes it compressible and elastic, allowing it to form a tight seal, making it perfect for bottle stoppers.