Which package contains the JDBC classes and interfaces?

The java.sql package contains the core classes and interfaces for JDBC. This package is integral to the JDBC API and provides the essential components for establishing database connections, executing SQL queries, and processing the results. The java.sql package includes key interfaces like Connection, Statement, PreparedStatement, ResultSet, and others that facilitate database operations in Java.

The java.sql package also includes utility classes for managing SQL data types, handling SQL exceptions, and working with database metadata. These tools are crucial for developers who need to interact with databases, as they provide a standardized way to perform common database tasks such as querying, updating, and managing transactions.

In addition to java.sql, the javax.sql package extends the core JDBC API by providing additional interfaces and classes for advanced database operations, such as connection pooling, distributed transactions, and row sets. Together, these packages form the foundation of database connectivity in Java, enabling developers to build robust, database-driven applications.