Class 12 Chemistry MCQ – Electrochemistry

1. The half-reaction that represents oxidation is:

a) Fe3+ + 3e- -> Fe
b) Cu2+ + 2e- -> Cu
c) Zn -> Zn2+ + 2e-
d) 2H+ + 2e- -> H2

Answer:

c) Zn -> Zn2+ + 2e-

Explanation:

Oxidation involves the loss of electrons. Here, Zn loses 2 electrons.

2. The electrode at which reduction occurs is called:

a) Anode
b) Cathode
c) Electrolyte
d) Salt bridge

Answer:

b) Cathode

Explanation:

Reduction always occurs at the cathode in both electrolytic and galvanic cells.

3. In a galvanic cell, the electron flow is from:

a) Anode to Cathode
b) Cathode to Anode
c) Salt bridge to Anode
d) Electrolyte to Cathode

Answer:

a) Anode to Cathode

Explanation:

In a galvanic cell, the anode is the site of oxidation and releases electrons which flow to the cathode.

4. Which of the following is NOT an application of electrolysis?

a) Refining of copper
b) Electroplating
c) Charging a battery
d) Burning a candle

Answer:

d) Burning a candle

Explanation:

Burning a candle is a physical process and does not involve electrolysis.

5. The unit of electrical resistance is:

a) Volt
b) Ohm
c) Ampere
d) Joule

Answer:

b) Ohm

Explanation:

The unit of resistance is Ohm, represented by the symbol Ω.

6. Faraday's second law of electrolysis relates to:

a) Current and time
b) Amount of substance and valency
c) Electrode potential and concentration
d) Resistance and conductivity

Answer:

b) Amount of substance and valency

Explanation:

Faraday's second law states that the amounts of substances deposited on electrodes during electrolysis are proportional to their chemical equivalents or valencies.

7. A solution with high concentration of ions will have:

a) Low electrical conductivity
b) High electrical conductivity
c) No electrical conductivity
d) Variable electrical conductivity

Answer:

b) High electrical conductivity

Explanation:

A higher concentration of ions enhances the solution's ability to conduct electricity.

8. The relationship between Gibbs free energy (ΔG) and cell potential (E) is given by:

a) ΔG = -nFE
b) ΔG = nFE
c) ΔG = nF/E
d) ΔG = -E/F

Answer:

a) ΔG = -nFE

Explanation:

Gibbs free energy change and cell potential are related by the equation ΔG = -nFE where n is the number of moles of electrons and F is the Faraday constant.

9. The standard electrode potential for hydrogen is:

a) 1 V
b) 0 V
c) -1 V
d) 0.5 V

Answer:

b) 0 V

Explanation:

By convention, the standard electrode potential for hydrogen is taken as 0 V.

10. The process of preventing the corrosion of metals by attaching a more reactive metal to it is called:

a) Galvanization
b) Electroplating
c) Sacrificial protection
d) Anodizing

Answer:

c) Sacrificial protection

Explanation:

The more reactive metal gets corroded, thus protecting the main metal from corrosion.

11. Which cell will NOT be recharged after being used?

a) Secondary cell
b) Primary cell
c) Fuel cell
d) Both a and c

Answer:

b) Primary cell

Explanation:

Primary cells are designed for one-time use and cannot be recharged. Secondary cells, on the other hand, are rechargeable.

12. In a concentration cell, if the concentration of the electrolyte in one half-cell is increased, the cell potential will:

a) Increase
b) Decrease
c) Remain the same
d) Become zero

Answer:

a) Increase

Explanation:

In concentration cells, an increase in the concentration difference between the two half-cells will lead to an increased cell potential.

13. Which of the following reactions at an electrode is an example of a reduction process?

a) Cl- -> Cl2 + 2e-
b) Ag+ + e- -> Ag
c) H2O -> O2 + 4H+ + 4e-
d) Na -> Na+ + e-

Answer:

b) Ag+ + e- -> Ag

Explanation:

The addition of an electron to Ag+ ions represents a reduction process.

14. The oxidation number of chlorine in ClO3- ion is:

a) +3
b) +5
c) -3
d) -1

Answer:

b) +5

Explanation:

Let x be the oxidation number of Cl. Considering the oxidation number of oxygen as -2, we have: x + 3(-2) = -1. Solving for x gives x = +5.

15. The molar conductivity of a solution at infinite dilution is the sum of the molar conductivities of its:

a) Cations only
b) Anions only
c) Neither cations nor anions
d) Both cations and anions

Answer:

d) Both cations and anions

Explanation:

The total molar conductivity at infinite dilution is the sum of the molar conductivities of both its cations and anions.

16. Which of the following is NOT an example of a redox reaction?

a) Zn + Cu2+ -> Zn2+ + Cu
b) H2 + I2 -> 2HI
c) CH4 + 2O2 -> CO2 + 2H2O
d) NaOH + HCl -> NaCl + H2O

Answer:

d) NaOH + HCl -> NaCl + H2O

Explanation:

There is no change in oxidation states for any of the elements involved in the reaction between NaOH and HCl.

17. Electrolysis of water produces:

a) Hydrogen at anode and oxygen at cathode
b) Oxygen at anode and hydrogen at cathode
c) Both hydrogen and oxygen at anode
d) Neither hydrogen nor oxygen

Answer:

b) Oxygen at anode and hydrogen at cathode

Explanation:

Water undergoes electrolysis to produce oxygen at the anode (oxidation) and hydrogen at the cathode (reduction).

18. In a salt bridge, the commonly used inert electrolyte is:

a) NaCl
b) K2SO4
c) H2SO4
d) KOH

Answer:

b) K2SO4

Explanation:

K2SO4 remains un-ionized and thus provides a pathway for the flow of ions without participating in the cell reaction.

19. Which of the following metals can displace hydrogen from dilute acids?

a) Cu
b) Ag
c) Zn
d) Au

Answer:

c) Zn

Explanation:

Zinc is more reactive than hydrogen and can displace it from dilute acids. Cu, Ag, and Au are less reactive than hydrogen in this regard.

20. The Nernst equation relates:

a) Temperature and cell potential
b) Concentration and cell potential
c) Pressure and cell potential
d) Both a and b

Answer:

d) Both a and b

Explanation:

The Nernst equation relates cell potential to temperature, concentration, and the number of electrons transferred in the redox reaction.

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