1. Which gland is often referred to as the "master gland"?
Answer:
Explanation:
The pituitary gland is often called the "master gland" because it regulates many other glands in the endocrine system.
2. Which hormone helps plants in their response to light?
Answer:
Explanation:
Auxins play a crucial role in phototropism, the growth of a plant in response to light.
3. What is the primary function of insulin?
Answer:
Explanation:
Insulin is secreted by the pancreas and helps in the uptake of glucose by cells, thereby reducing blood sugar levels.
4. The "fight or flight" response is triggered by which hormone?
Answer:
Explanation:
Adrenaline prepares the body to respond to a threat, often referred to as the "fight or flight" response.
5. Which gland is responsible for regulating the body's circadian rhythm?
Answer:
Explanation:
The pineal gland secretes melatonin, which regulates the body's sleep-wake cycle or circadian rhythm.
6. Which of the following hormones is produced by the ovaries?
Answer:
Explanation:
Estrogen is a female sex hormone produced by the ovaries.
7. Which hormone promotes water retention in the body?
Answer:
Explanation:
ADH or vasopressin acts on the kidneys to promote water retention, thus reducing urine volume.
8. The deficiency of which hormone can cause goiter?
Answer:
Explanation:
Goiter is an enlargement of the thyroid gland, often due to a deficiency of thyroxine or iodine deficiency.
9. Which gland diminishes in size as a person ages?
Answer:
Explanation:
The thymus gland, involved in immune response, is most active during childhood and diminishes in size with age.
10. The hormone responsible for increasing calcium levels in the blood is:
Answer:
Explanation:
PTH is responsible for increasing calcium levels in the blood by promoting the release of calcium from bones.
11. Which hormone stimulates uterine contractions during childbirth?
Answer:
Explanation:
Oxytocin is released in response to stretching of the cervix and uterus and causes uterine contractions during childbirth.
12. The secretion of which hormone would increase during a prolonged fast?
Answer:
Explanation:
Glucagon increases the concentration of glucose in the bloodstream, which would be beneficial during a prolonged fast.
13. Which of the following is NOT an endocrine gland?
Answer:
Explanation:
Sweat glands are exocrine glands that release sweat through ducts onto the skin's surface.
14. Which hormone plays a role in regulating the body's metabolism?
Answer:
Explanation:
Thyroxine, produced by the thyroid gland, plays a crucial role in regulating the body's metabolism.
15. Which hormone is involved in the body's response to stress?
Answer:
Explanation:
Cortisol is released by the adrenal glands in response to stress and helps in increasing blood sugar, among other functions.
16. Which hormone is responsible for the secondary sexual characteristics in males?
Answer:
Explanation:
Testosterone, produced by the testes, is responsible for the development of secondary sexual characteristics in males.
17. The hormone responsible for lowering blood glucose levels is:
Answer:
Explanation:
Insulin promotes the uptake of glucose by cells, which results in a decrease in blood glucose levels.
18. The hormone that promotes the development of T cells is:
Answer:
Explanation:
Thymosin, produced by the thymus gland, is responsible for the differentiation of T cells, which are essential for the immune response.
19. Which hormone is responsible for the milk let-down reflex in nursing mothers?
Answer:
Explanation:
Oxytocin causes milk ejection or the "let-down" reflex in lactating mothers.
20. Which of the following hormones helps in regulating the sleep-wake cycle?
Answer:
Explanation:
Melatonin, produced by the pineal gland, plays a key role in regulating the circadian rhythm or sleep-wake cycle.