Manufacturing and Production Technology MCQ

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These 25 MCQs cover a range of topics within Manufacturing and Production Technology, focusing on various manufacturing processes, techniques, and principles. They are intended to test knowledge in both theoretical and practical aspects relevant to Mechanical Engineering and manufacturing practices.

1. What is the primary purpose of Computer Numerical Control (CNC) in manufacturing?

a) To control machine tools with a computer
b) To manually control machine operations
c) To decrease production speed
d) To increase manual intervention in production

Answer:

a) To control machine tools with a computer

Explanation:

CNC is used in manufacturing to control machine tools with a computer, allowing for precise and automated control of the manufacturing process, leading to increased efficiency and accuracy.

2. What is additive manufacturing commonly known as?

a) Drilling
b) 3D Printing
c) Casting
d) Forging

Answer:

b) 3D Printing

Explanation:

Additive manufacturing, more commonly known as 3D printing, involves creating objects by adding material layer by layer, which is opposite to traditional subtractive manufacturing techniques.

3. What is the process of joining two materials using a filler metal with a melting point below 450°C called?

a) Welding
b) Soldering
c) Brazing
d) Forging

Answer:

b) Soldering

Explanation:

Soldering involves joining two materials using a filler metal (solder) with a melting point below 450°C. It is commonly used in electronics to join wires and components.

4. What is the purpose of a jig in manufacturing?

a) To heat treat metals
b) To hold a workpiece in place and guide the cutting tool
c) To polish finished products
d) To transport materials within a factory

Answer:

b) To hold a workpiece in place and guide the cutting tool

Explanation:

A jig is a device used in manufacturing to hold the workpiece securely in place and guide the cutting tool, ensuring precision and repeatability in operations like drilling or milling.

5. What manufacturing process involves removing material to shape a part?

a) Casting
b) Machining
c) Extrusion
d) Molding

Answer:

b) Machining

Explanation:

Machining is a subtractive manufacturing process where material is removed from a workpiece to create the desired shape. Techniques include milling, turning, and drilling.

6. What is the primary function of an assembly line in manufacturing?

a) To disassemble products
b) To perform quality control
c) To sequentially assemble a product from components
d) To store products before shipping

Answer:

c) To sequentially assemble a product from components

Explanation:

An assembly line is a manufacturing process in which parts are added to a product in a sequential manner to create a finished product. This process is efficient and commonly used in mass production.

7. In welding, what is the purpose of a shielding gas?

a) To cool down the welded materials
b) To provide an inert atmosphere to protect the weld area from oxidation
c) To increase the welding speed
d) To clean the welding surface

Answer:

b) To provide an inert atmosphere to protect the weld area from oxidation

Explanation:

Shielding gas in welding is used to protect the weld area from atmospheric gases such as oxygen and nitrogen, which can cause defects in the weld, such as porosity and weld metal embrittlement.

8. What is the process of heating a metal to below its melting point and then cooling it to improve its properties?

a) Annealing
b) Hardening
c) Tempering
d) Quenching

Answer:

a) Annealing

Explanation:

Annealing is a heat treatment process where metal is heated to a specific temperature below its melting point and then slowly cooled. This process improves its ductility, reduces hardness, and relieves internal stresses.

9. What is the primary advantage of injection molding in manufacturing?

a) Low production speed
b) High production cost
c) Ability to produce complex shapes with high repeatability
d) Limited material choices

Answer:

c) Ability to produce complex shapes with high repeatability

Explanation:

Injection molding is a versatile manufacturing process suitable for mass production. It can produce complex shapes with high precision and repeatability at a relatively low cost per unit.

10. In metal casting, what is a pattern?

a) A mold used to form the casting
b) A replica of the final product used to create the mold
c) A tool for removing the casting from the mold
d) A design plan for the casting process

Answer:

b) A replica of the final product used to create the mold

Explanation:

In casting, a pattern is a replica of the final casting used to create the mold cavity. The pattern is typically made of wood, plastic, or metal and is used to shape the mold material into the desired form.

11. What is the primary function of a lathe in manufacturing?

a) To create threads
b) To cut sheet metal
c) To produce cylindrical parts
d) To bend metal tubes

Answer:

c) To produce cylindrical parts

Explanation:

A lathe is a machine tool primarily used to produce cylindrical parts by rotating the workpiece against a cutting tool. It can perform operations like turning, facing, and threading.

12. What is the process of cold working in metal manufacturing?

a) Working with metals at room temperature to strengthen them
b) Freezing metals before machining
c) Using liquid nitrogen in the manufacturing process
d) Producing metal parts in cold climates

Answer:

a) Working with metals at room temperature to strengthen them

Explanation:

Cold working refers to the process of deforming metals at room temperature, which strengthens the metal through strain hardening. This process increases the yield strength and hardness of the metal.

13. What is the main purpose of a broaching machine?

a) To remove material with a toothed tool
b) To bend large sheets of metal
c) To heat treat metal parts
d) To coat metal parts with a protective layer

Answer:

a) To remove material with a toothed tool

Explanation:

A broaching machine removes material with a toothed tool called a broach. It is used for precision machining of various shapes like splines, holes, and keyways.

14. What is the term for the rate at which material is removed in a machining process?

a) Feed rate
b) Cutting speed
c) Material removal rate (MRR)
d) Spindle speed

Answer:

c) Material removal rate (MRR)

Explanation:

Material removal rate (MRR) is the measure of the amount of material removed during a machining process in a given time period. It is a critical factor in evaluating the efficiency of a machining operation.

15. What is the purpose of a grinding machine in manufacturing?

a) To join two metal parts together
b) To form metal sheets into specific shapes
c) To create a smooth finish on a workpiece
d) To change the chemical composition of a metal

Answer:

c) To create a smooth finish on a workpiece

Explanation:

A grinding machine uses an abrasive wheel to create a smooth finish on the surface of a workpiece. It is used for tasks like sharpening cutting tools, finishing metal parts, and smoothing surfaces.

16. In manufacturing, what is lean production?

a) A process that focuses on reducing waste and increasing productivity
b) A method of increasing inventory levels
c) A production process that involves minimal use of machinery
d) A strategy for reducing employee numbers

Answer:

a) A process that focuses on reducing waste and increasing productivity

Explanation:

Lean production is a manufacturing philosophy that focuses on minimizing waste within manufacturing systems while simultaneously maximizing productivity.

17. What is the main advantage of computer-aided manufacturing (CAM)?

a) Reduced need for skilled labor
b) Increased manual control over production
c) Enhanced design and manufacturing precision
d) Increased production time

Answer:

c) Enhanced design and manufacturing precision

Explanation:

Computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) offers enhanced precision in both design and manufacturing processes. It allows for the creation of detailed and accurate designs and their precise execution in the manufacturing phase.

18. What is the primary purpose of heat treatment in manufacturing?

a) To clean metal surfaces
b) To change the chemical composition of metals
c) To alter the physical and mechanical properties of metals
d) To shape metals into desired forms

Answer:

c) To alter the physical and mechanical properties of metals

Explanation:

Heat treatment is a controlled process used to alter the physical and mechanical properties of metals. It can increase hardness, improve strength, or relieve internal stresses.

19. What does the term 'tolerance' refer to in manufacturing?

a) The resistance of a material to deformation
b) The permissible limit of variation in a physical dimension
c) The durability of a machine tool
d) The capacity of a machine to operate continuously

Answer:

b) The permissible limit of variation in a physical dimension

Explanation:

Tolerance in manufacturing refers to the permissible limit of variation in a physical dimension of a part. It defines the acceptable upper and lower limits for the size of a manufactured part.

20. What is the purpose of a fixture in manufacturing?

a) To heat treat components
b) To hold a workpiece securely during machining or assembly
c) To transport components between machines
d) To lubricate machine parts

Answer:

b) To hold a workpiece securely during machining or assembly

Explanation:

A fixture is a device used in manufacturing to hold a workpiece securely in place during machining, welding, or assembly processes, ensuring accuracy and consistency.

21. What is the primary use of an industrial robot in manufacturing?

a) To perform repetitive tasks with high precision
b) To design products
c) To perform quality control checks
d) To manage inventory

Answer:

a) To perform repetitive tasks with high precision

Explanation:

Industrial robots are used in manufacturing to perform repetitive tasks with high precision and speed. They are programmable, versatile, and can increase productivity while reducing human error.

22. What is the main advantage of using a laser in manufacturing processes?

a) Increased energy consumption
b) Ability to cut and engrave with high precision
c) Simplicity of operation
d) Low cost

Answer:

b) Ability to cut and engrave with high precision

Explanation:

Lasers in manufacturing provide the ability to cut, engrave, and mark materials with high precision. They offer unmatched accuracy, speed, and flexibility in processing a wide range of materials.

23. What does the term 'just-in-time' (JIT) mean in manufacturing?

a) Producing goods far in advance of demand
b) Keeping large inventories of raw materials
c) Producing goods only as they are needed to meet demand
d) Focusing solely on product quality

Answer:

c) Producing goods only as they are needed to meet demand

Explanation:

Just-in-time manufacturing is an inventory strategy where materials and products are produced or acquired only as needed to meet actual customer demand, reducing waste and inventory costs.

24. In manufacturing, what is the process of metal extrusion?

a) Removing metal to create a shape
b) Pouring molten metal into a mold
c) Forcing metal through a die to create a specific shape
d) Joining metal parts together

Answer:

c) Forcing metal through a die to create a specific shape

Explanation:

Metal extrusion is a process where a billet of material is forced through a die, creating a long piece with a fixed cross-sectional profile. This process is used for creating items with a uniform cross-section.

25. What is the primary goal of ergonomics in manufacturing?

a) To increase the speed of production
b) To design workspaces and tools that reduce worker fatigue and injury
c) To automate all manufacturing processes
d) To reduce the cost of manufacturing

Answer:

b) To design workspaces and tools that reduce worker fatigue and injury

Explanation:

Ergonomics in manufacturing involves designing workspaces, tools, and processes to improve comfort, efficiency, safety, and productivity, thereby reducing worker fatigue, discomfort, and risk of injury.

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