How does the Connection pool feature improve performance in JDBC?

The Connection pool feature in JDBC improves performance by reusing database connections instead of creating a new connection for each request. Establishing a database connection is an expensive operation, involving network communication, authentication, and resource allocation. By reusing existing connections, connection pooling reduces the overhead associated with these operations, leading to faster response times and more efficient resource utilization.

Connection pooling works by maintaining a pool of open connections that can be reused by different parts of the application. When a connection is no longer needed, it is returned to the pool rather than being closed. The next time a connection is required, the pool provides an existing connection, significantly reducing the time required to establish a new connection.

Implementing connection pooling is essential for applications that require high performance and scalability, particularly those with a high volume of database interactions. It is a best practice in enterprise Java development, helping to ensure that applications can handle large workloads efficiently and reliably.