OS

What is the difference between a process and a thread in operating systems? a) A process is an independent program in execution, while a thread is a lightweight process that shares resources with other threads b) A thread is more memory-intensive than a process c) Threads cannot communicate with each other, while processes can d) […]

What is demand paging in an operating system? a) A method where pages are loaded into memory only when they are needed b) A scheduling algorithm used to prioritize processes c) A technique for allocating file system resources d) A way to allocate CPU time to real-time processes Answer: a) A method where pages are

What is thrashing in an operating system? a) A condition where excessive paging activity severely degrades system performance b) A technique for managing file system errors c) A method for optimizing CPU scheduling d) A process for recovering memory leaks Answer: a) A condition where excessive paging activity severely degrades system performance Explanation: Thrashing occurs

What is the difference between preemptive and non-preemptive scheduling? a) Preemptive scheduling allows the OS to take control of the CPU from a running process, while non-preemptive scheduling does not b) Non-preemptive scheduling is faster than preemptive scheduling c) Preemptive scheduling only works in single-tasking systems d) Non-preemptive scheduling only works for real-time processes Answer:

What is a semaphore in operating systems? a) A variable used to control access to shared resources b) A type of memory manager c) A scheduling algorithm for CPU processes d) A method of accessing file systems Answer: a) A variable used to control access to shared resources Explanation: A semaphore is a synchronization primitive

What is a critical section in operating systems? a) A section of code that accesses shared resources and must not be executed by more than one process at a time b) A part of the system memory reserved for kernel operations c) A section of code that handles process scheduling d) A part of the

What is the purpose of swapping in an operating system? a) To move inactive processes out of main memory to free up space b) To allocate more CPU time to high-priority processes c) To manage file system permissions d) To ensure secure communication between processes Answer: a) To move inactive processes out of main memory

What is the role of the long-term scheduler in an operating system? a) To decide which processes should be admitted into the ready queue b) To allocate CPU time to processes c) To manage memory allocation for processes d) To handle I/O requests from running processes Answer: a) To decide which processes should be admitted

What is the main role of a scheduler in an operating system? a) To manage the execution of processes by allocating CPU time b) To handle system memory allocation c) To provide access to file systems d) To manage network communications Answer: a) To manage the execution of processes by allocating CPU time Explanation: The

What is the purpose of paging in an operating system? a) To divide processes into fixed-size blocks for memory management b) To execute processes in parallel c) To manage I/O devices d) To ensure CPU scheduling Answer: a) To divide processes into fixed-size blocks for memory management Explanation: Paging is a memory management scheme that

What is the primary purpose of inter-process communication (IPC) in operating systems? a) To allow processes to communicate with each other b) To provide hardware interrupts to the CPU c) To allocate memory to multiple processes d) To provide access control to system resources Answer: a) To allow processes to communicate with each other Explanation:

What is a context switch in an operating system? a) Changing from user mode to kernel mode b) Switching between different processes c) Saving the state of a process and loading another d) Changing the state of the CPU Answer: c) Saving the state of a process and loading another Explanation: A context switch is

What is a deadlock in an operating system? a) A state where processes run indefinitely b) A situation where two or more processes wait indefinitely for resources c) A technique for synchronizing processes d) A method for managing file systems Answer: b) A situation where two or more processes wait indefinitely for resources Explanation: In

What is a system call in an operating system? a) A function call by the user to the operating system b) A mechanism to request services from the kernel c) A method for executing user programs d) A process to manage CPU scheduling Answer: b) A mechanism to request services from the kernel Explanation: A

What is the purpose of a process control block (PCB) in an operating system? a) It stores the program counter and process state b) It manages user interactions with the system c) It handles file input/output operations d) It manages network connections Answer: a) It stores the program counter and process state Explanation: The Process

Which of the following is a function of memory management in an operating system? a) Allocating and deallocating memory to processes b) Managing system file permissions c) Establishing network connections d) Managing user interface Answer: a) Allocating and deallocating memory to processes Explanation: Memory management is a crucial function of an operating system that involves

What is multitasking in an operating system? a) The ability to execute multiple programs at the same time b) The ability to run programs without user intervention c) The process of backing up data d) The process of installing applications Answer: a) The ability to execute multiple programs at the same time Explanation: Multitasking is

What is the primary function of a shell in an operating system? a) To provide an interface between the user and the kernel b) To manage system memory c) To handle file management d) To manage network connections Answer: a) To provide an interface between the user and the kernel Explanation: The shell is a

What is the purpose of a file system in an operating system? a) To store and organize files on a storage device b) To manage network connections c) To handle input and output devices d) To execute programs Answer: a) To store and organize files on a storage device Explanation: A file system is a

Which of the following is a non-preemptive scheduling algorithm? a) Round-Robin b) Shortest Job Next (SJN) c) First-Come, First-Served (FCFS) d) Priority Scheduling Answer: c) First-Come, First-Served (FCFS) Explanation: First-Come, First-Served (FCFS) is a non-preemptive scheduling algorithm where the CPU executes processes in the order they arrive. Once a process starts executing, it runs to

What is the purpose of virtual memory in an operating system? a) To provide more memory to applications than is physically available b) To improve hard disk performance c) To manage user accounts d) To speed up network connections Answer: a) To provide more memory to applications than is physically available Explanation: Virtual memory is

What is the main function of a device driver in an operating system? a) To provide a graphical interface for users b) To control and operate specific hardware devices c) To store and retrieve files from the hard drive d) To secure the system from unauthorized access Answer: b) To control and operate specific hardware

What is the role of the kernel in an operating system? a) It provides a user interface for interacting with the system b) It manages the system’s hardware resources c) It compiles source code into machine code d) It is responsible for network communications Answer: b) It manages the system’s hardware resources Explanation: The kernel

Which of the following is not an operating system? a) Linux b) Windows c) MS Office d) macOS Answer: c) MS Office Explanation: MS Office is not an operating system but a suite of productivity software that includes applications like Word, Excel, and PowerPoint. It runs on top of an operating system like Windows or

What is an Operating System? a) A software that manages computer hardware and software resources b) A program that runs in the background c) A set of applications for performing tasks d) A hardware component Answer: a) A software that manages computer hardware and software resources Explanation: An Operating System (OS) is a system software