What does the else statement do in Python?

a) Ends a loop

b) Executes code if the if statement’s condition is false

c) Repeats a block of code

d) Creates a new variable

Answer:

b) Executes code if the if statement’s condition is false

Explanation:

The else statement in Python is used in conjunction with an if statement to execute a block of code when the condition in the if statement is false. It provides an alternative path of execution, ensuring that some code runs regardless of whether the condition is true or false.

x = 3
if x > 5:
    print("x is greater than 5")
else:
    print("x is not greater than 5")  # This code runs because the condition is false

The else statement helps to cover scenarios where the initial condition does not hold, allowing you to handle cases where the primary condition fails. This ensures that your program can respond appropriately to different inputs or states.

Using else in conjunction with if allows you to build robust decision-making logic in your programs, enabling them to adapt to various situations and conditions dynamically.