What is Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) in Python?

Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) in Python is a programming paradigm based on the concept of “objects,” which are instances of “classes.” OOP allows for organizing code into reusable and modular components, making it easier to manage and scale applications.

class Dog:
    def __init__(self, name, breed):
        self.name = name
        self.breed = breed

    def bark(self):
        print(f"{self.name} says woof!")

# Creating an object of the Dog class
my_dog = Dog("Buddy", "Golden Retriever")
my_dog.bark()  # Output: Buddy says woof!

In this example, the Dog class defines attributes and methods that represent the characteristics and behavior of a dog. The object my_dog is an instance of the Dog class, and it can perform actions like barking.

OOP concepts like encapsulation, inheritance, and polymorphism are fundamental to building well-structured and maintainable software in Python.